Page 66 - SREENARAYANAGURU OPEN UNIVERSITY

Thoreau, Deep Ecology

BLOCK 2: Logic, Language and Other Disciplines

Unit 1 A very brief history of logic: traditional logic and symbolic logic -

What is logic? Definitions - process of reasoning - inductive, deductive

and abductive reasoning- Propositions and arguments - recognising
arguments.

Truth and validity - Fallacies: Formal and informal fallacies - Classification of
fallacies: Fallacies of relevance, defective induction, presumption and ambiguity.

Unit 2 Fundamentals of Traditional Logic and Symbolic Logic - Categorical Propositions:
The four kinds of categorical propositions - Quality, quantity and distribution -

Standard form - The traditional square of opposition - Categorical Syllogisms:
Standard form - Rules and fallacies - Venn diagram to test the Validity - Logical

connectives: symbols for conjunction, negation, disjunction, material implication
and equivalence- Logical paradoxes: Liar’s paradox

Unit 3 Language and Logic - The basic functions of language: Informative - Expressive -
Directive – Ceremonial Performative - Emotively neutral language -What are

definitions - Kinds of definitions: Stipulative - Lexical – Precising - Theoretical -

Persuasive - Intension and extension

Unit 4 Logic and Other Disciplines - Logic and Science: Hypothetico - models
of explanations - Covering Law model - mathematics and logic

Unit 5 Logic and Literature

Unit 6 Logic and Social Sciences

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